Alcoholic Hepatitis
Author: David Vaz Editor: Leah Farquharson Overview Alcoholic hepatitis (AH) refers to the inflammation of the liver due to prolonged, and heavy alcohol use (Im, 2019). Originally thought to be caused by malnutrition, AH is now known to be caused by toxic chemicals produced by the liver as a result of alcohol degradation (Im, 2019). […]
Alcoholic Hepatitis
Author: Leah Farquharson Editor: Helia Mansouri Dana Overview Alcoholic hepatitis (AH) is the inflammation of the liver as a result of heavy alcohol use, resulting in the production of toxic compounds upon alcohol degradation by the liver (Im, 2019). Fatty changes in the liver associated with AH may result in inflammation, fibrosis, and even cirrhosis […]
Rheumatoid Arthritis
Author: Nicholas Jo Overview Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is the most prevalent form of the disease affecting joints, muscles, and tendons (Schneider & Krüger, 2013). Early diagnosis and recognition of signs and symptoms prevent irreversible joint damage (Aletaha & Smolen, 2018). Rheumatoid arthritis is caused when the connective tissue that lines most cavity joints becomes inflamed […]
Autoimmune Hepatitis
Author: Leah Farquharson Editor: Nelly Sadat Overview Autoimmune Hepatitis (AIH) is an autoimmune disease that affects the liver (Manns et al., 2015). AIH is an incorrect immune response where the immune system targets the liver (Manns et al., 2015). The exact cause of AIH is currently unknown, but genetic factors may be one of the […]
Rheumatoid Arthritis
Author and editor: Nicholas Jo Overview Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is the most common form of arthritis affecting joints, muscles and tendons (Schneider & Krüger, 2013). Early diagnosis and recognition of signs and symptoms prevent irreversible joint damage (Aletaha & Smolen, 2018). RA is caused when the tissue lining inside joints become inflamed (Aletaha & Smolen, […]
Septic Arthritis
Author: Helia Mansouri Dana Overview Infectious arthritis, also known as septic arthritis, occurs as a result of bacterial, fungal, or viral infection of joints, most commonly seen in large joints such as the knee or the hip (J. W. Smith, Chalupa, and Hasan 2006; Shirtliff and Mader 2002). This disease often arises as a […]
Influenza H1N1
Author and editor: Alida Fernandes Overview H1N1, also commonly known as the swine flu, is a subtype of the influenza A virus (Jilani, Jamil & Siddiqui, 2020). The swine flu virus causes complications in the respiratory system and in serious cases may be fatal (Jilani, Jamil & Siddiqui, 2020). As the name suggests, swine flu […]
Influenza
Author: Alison Shieh Editor: Helia Mansouri Dana Overview Influenza, otherwise known as the flu, is a respiratory disease caused by the influenza virus that affects approximately 5 to 15% of the global population every year (Dangi & Jain, 2012) and is transmitted through the inhalation of respiratory droplets (Yamauchi, 2018). The major influenza viruses that […]
Septic Arthritis
Author: Helia Mansouri Dana Overview Infectious arthritis, commonly known as septic arthritis, refers to the inflammation of the joints due to infection by bacteria, viruses, and fungi (J. W. Smith, Chalupa, and Hasan 2006). This is often found in the larger joints of the body such as the hip and the knee (J. W. Smith, […]
Nonmelanoma Skin Cancer
Nonmelanoma skin cancer (NMSC) can be divided into two forms of carcinoma: (1) a basal carcinoma (BCC), which accounts for 75% of cases, and is a slow-growing, locally invasive tumour or (2) a cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), which accounts for the remainder of cases of NMSC (Samarasinghe, 2012). Compared to BCC, SCC has a significant rate of metastasis (Samarasinghe, 2012).